Up and down fever can not be considered trivial. This condition is likely a symptom of an infectious disease, such as typhus, malaria, or dengue fever. If handled late, fever up and down due to the disease risks causing serious complications.
A person is said to have a fever if his body temperature reaches 38 degrees Celsius or more. Fluctuating fever is characterized by an increase in body temperature that occurs fluctuatively. Fever can appear today, subside tomorrow, then reappear the day after. Fever can also fluctuate throughout the day.
Disease Causes Up and Down Fever
There are three diseases that generally cause fluctuating fever, namely:
Typhus
Typhus is an infectious disease that is easily transmitted. This disease is transmitted through consumption of food or drink infected with Salmonella bacteria, and is most commonly found in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water.
Usually patients will feel unwell for 7-14 days after being infected with bacteria. Other symptoms that will also appear are abdominal pain, diarrhea or difficult bowel movements, weakness, and high fever up to 39-40 ° Celsius.
Typhoid fever patterns tend to fluctuate. In the morning, body temperature can go down, then back up throughout the day. Usually the temperature of a fever will increase from day to day.
Typhus requires treatment from a doctor. Because if not, symptoms can get worse and risk causing fatal complications.
Dengue fever
Dengue fever is transmitted by the bite of the A. aegypti mosquito infected by the dengue virus. This disease, which is usually endemic in the rainy season, has early symptoms such as shivering, reddish spots on the skin, and flushed faces, which can last for 2-3 days.
Typical symptoms of dengue fever are fever heaving with high temperatures during the first 2-7 days. The peak fever can reach 40 ° Celsius or more. After that, body temperature drops for several days, then rises again but not as high as before.
Symptoms that will also occur when dengue occurs are severe headaches, back pain, muscle and joint pain, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, no appetite, and bleeding due to decreased platelet count, for example in the form of nosebleeds.
These symptoms generally appear 4-7 days after the body is infected with the dengue virus and last for up to 10 days.
Malaria
This endemic disease in the tropics, including in Indonesia, is transmitted through the bite of Anopheles mosquitoes which carry parasites that cause malaria.
Symptoms of malaria usually appear within 7-15 days after the patient is bitten by a mosquito carrying a malaria parasite. But there are also symptoms that only come out one year later.
The initial symptoms of malaria are fever up and down, headaches, body sweating, chills, vomiting, and sometimes accompanied by muscle pain, diarrhea, and the body feels unwell.
The pattern of fluctuating fever in malaria continues in a 24-72 hour cycle, depending on the type of parasite that infects. At the beginning of this cycle, the patient will feel cold and shivering. After that, a fever will appear accompanied by fatigue and flood of sweat. Fever usually lasts for 6-12 hours.
In addition to the three diseases above, fluctuating fever can also be caused by other infectious diseases, such as brucellosis, leptospirosis, and viral hepatitis; as well as by periodic fever syndrome caused by hereditary factors.
If you have a fever up and down, consult a doctor immediately to make sure the disease you are suffering from. The doctor will conduct a physical examination and supporting tests, such as blood and urine tests, to determine the diagnosis.
After the cause of the fever up and down is known, the doctor will provide appropriate treatment to treat the disease and prevent dangerous complications.
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